DOWNLOADS
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease
Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Your health care provider will look at your health history and may do tests to find out why you have kidney disease. The cause of your kidney disease may affect the type of treatment you receive.
Download Fasta File
Glomerulonephritis
(GN)
Glomerulonephritis is a kind of
kidney disease. It involves damage to the glomeruli, tiny filters inside your
kidneys. It’s caused by a variety of things, from infections to problems with
the immune system. Sometimes glomerulonephritis is mild and soon goes away.
Other times it hangs around and leads to kidney failure and other
complications.
Download Fasta File
Autoimmune-disease
related kidney disease. Certain autoimmune diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid
arthritis, cause the immune system to attack the body’s own cells. When this
process affects the kidneys, it can lead to reduced kidney function.
Download Fasta File
Polycystic Kidney
Disease
A number of inherited disorders
result in renal cyst development. The most common form, autosomal dominant
polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), is a disorder most often diagnosed in adults
and caused by mutation in PKD1 or PKD2. The
PKD1 protein, polycystin-1, is a large receptor-like protein, whereas
polycystin-2 is a transient receptor potential channel. The polycystin complex
localizes to primary cilia and may act as a mechanosensor essential for maintaining
the differentiated state of epithelia lining tubules in the kidney and biliary
tract. Elucidation of defective cellular processes has highlighted potential
therapies, some of which are now being tested in clinical trials. ARPKD is the
neonatal form of PKD and is associated with enlarged kidneys and biliary
dysgenesis. The disease phenotype is highly variable, ranging from neonatal
death to later presentation with minimal kidney disease. ARPKD is caused by
mutation in PKHD1, and two truncating mutations are associated
with neonatal lethality. The ARPKD protein, fibrocystin, is localized to
cilia/basal body and complexes with polycystin-2. Rare, syndromic forms of PKD
also include defects of the eye, central nervous system, digits, and/or neural
tube and highlight the role of cilia and pathways such as Wnt and Hh in their
pathogenesis.
Download Fasta File
Kidney
cancer
None of the healthy people had
elevated levels of either protein, but patients with kidney
cancer had elevated levels of both proteins. In addition, three of the 720
patients who had abdominal CT scans also had elevated levels of both proteins.
The researchers measured levels of two proteins in the urine — aquaporin-1 (AQP1) and perlipin-2 (PLIN2). None of the healthy people had elevated levels of either protein, but patients with kidney cancer had elevated levels of both proteins.
Download Fasta File
Drinking enough liquid, mainly water,
is the most important thing you can do to prevent kidney stones. Unless you
have kidney
failure, many health care professionals recommend that
you drink six to eight, 8-ounce glasses a day. Talk with a health care
professional about how much
liquid you should drink.
Yes. If you have already had kidney
stones, ask your health care professional which type of kidney stone you had.
Based on the type of kidney stone you had, you may be able to prevent kidney
stones by making changes in how much sodium,
animal protein, calcium,
or oxalate is
in the food you eat.
Download Fasta File
Okay, before we get to this amazing find, let’s review what we know about UTIs. According to the National Institute of Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC), a UTI is the second-most common infection in the human body. Anyone can get one, but women seem to be more at risk.
UTIs
can be a serious problem. According to recent research, women with UTI
infections are at a higher risk of dying or having complications if they
develop bladder cancer. Symptoms are often believed to be due to the UTI and
the bladder cancer is not diagnosed until it is too late.
However,
other studies have some good news. One study of over 28,000 women found that if
women with recurrent UTIs could find out the cause of their UTIs, they can
simply eliminate whatever is causing the UTIs and easily avoid antibiotic-use
or expensive medical care. The study’s findings are good news, as they mean
that women do not have to suffer with repeated hospital visits or frequent
UTIs.
